Unistrut brackets. Unistrut Ceiling Grids are uniquely suited for attachment to your existing structural beam or bar joist and supporting everything from lighting, electrical and plumbing, and ceiling tiles, to art work, and even expensive, high-tech medical equipment. Unistrut brackets

 
Unistrut Ceiling Grids are uniquely suited for attachment to your existing structural beam or bar joist and supporting everything from lighting, electrical and plumbing, and ceiling tiles, to art work, and even expensive, high-tech medical equipmentUnistrut brackets  Manufacturers, contractors, building maintenance and everyone in between have benefitted from our knowledge of the

UOM: EA. The fitting is available in Perma-Green, Hot-Dipped Galvanized and Electrogalvanized finishes. 1-5/8" Unistrut Channel. 80) Current Stock: Quantity: Decrease Quantity of undefined Increase Quantity of undefined. P2232A is 12 ft in length. Superstrut’s 1-⅝” line of channels is available in both 12 and 14 gauge, while Unistrut’s 1-⅝” channel series is available in a wider range of. Unistrut P2558-5 thru P2558-60 Single Piece Pipe Strap. Sort By. 9 - 16 in. It incorporates the innovative product improvements that our research and development group has created to give you the most complete and flexible support system available. Unistrut Beam Clamps (i beam clamps), unless noted in the Unistrut Catalog (Download Link Below), are made from hot-rolled, pickled and oiled steel plates, strip or coil, and conform to ASTM specifications A575, A576. The Unistrut P3184P Plastic Closure Strip lets you seal off the open slot of an exposed Unistrut Channel. It's available in either a Perma-Green or Electrogalvanized finish. This channel is co. Notes: The above table only shows capacities at a 45° angle. 90. Atkore Unistrut Australia - HEAD OFFICE Unit 3, Site 2, 415 Pembroke Rd MINTO, NSW, 2566, Australia Toll free: 1-300-725-877Unistrut Brackets & Braces; Beam Clamps; Unistrut Post Bases; UNISTRUT END CAPS & CLOSURE STRIPS; Electrical Fittings; Special Application Fittings; Seismic Fittings; Telestrut® System. Next, attach a brace fitting to the top portion of the center stanchions. The track hanger is available in either an Electrogalvanized or Perma-Green finish. Ratings are shown for each channel material. Brackets are available in either a left or right option. Commonly known as 12 Gauge Standard or Deep Slotted Channel, it is the global standard for strut metal framing. Imperial dimensions are illustrated in inches. The thread size is 1/4" - 20. Commercial Ave. The self-aligning channel nuts of this clamp are designed to provide resistance to pull out. 0 Reviews. Atkore Defender - Unistrut Sell Sheet; Seismic LARR (26208) Trapeze; Solar Framing Components; Hinged Beam Clamp; P2580 Heavy Duty Strut Bracket;125. com. 8 mm, Fit for 1/2" Bolt in 1-5/8" Strut Channel, Steel Galvanized, 10 Pack Note: When used for mechanical supports, load capacities of brackets, fittings and other supporting elements should be in compliance with the American Standard Code for Pressure Piping. 100. Unistrut P1000; P3000; P3300 UNISTRUT; P4100 UNISTRUT; P5000 UNISTRUT; P5500; Unistrut Fittings. Reviews. For lengths greater than 17’, multiple curved sections are. it is the responsibility of the user of this guideline v1 = to ascertain that an adequate bracing andWhen used for mechanical supports, load capacities of brackets and fittings should be in compliance with the American Standard Code for Pressure Piping. for pricing and availability. This product is similar to the P1354A, but includes welds to. metal framing channel can be used to create a trapeze for conduit and mechanical piping. Channel. General Fittings. Reviews. Materials & Finishes - Standard: . 78 inc VAT (£0. The Unistrut P223X-A Series Bracket is perfect for building shelving, adjustable racking, cable tray supports and equipment supports. Electrical. P1000 Unistrut channel is 1-5/8" wide by 1&5/8" deep, and is cold formed to size from 12 gauge low-carbon strip steel. Unistrut Midwest 1275 Hillsmith Rd. They are OPA Compliant and feature punched holes for secure & precise fit on the workpiece. Unistrut® P1001T Series Back-to-Back Channel, Pre-Galvanized Steel, Elongated Holes, 20 ft. (170) Catalog. The 1/4 inch bolt used the angle brackets from Renogy. 1. (170) Catalog. Brackets are available in 12", 14", 16" and 18" lengths. N - (Nylon) -20°F (-29°C) 150°F (66°C) Catalog. P6000 is 13/16" x 13/16" and P7000, a shallow profile channel, is 13/16" x 13/32". Fastenal is the largest fastener distributor in North America. Be the first to review this product . The new 2022 product guide showcases our combined offering of Atkore Unistrut & Marco products in one catalogue! The new catalogue introduces the Flytec range of Trunking, Underfloor solutions, and the innovate Fast Fix Steel Trunking range. 5 based on the ultimate strength of the connection. Be the first to review this product . Perma-Green finish. 14-Gauge Half Slotted Metal Framing Strut Channel - Gold Galvanized. 04. Reviews. 8 mm, Fit for 1/2" Bolt in 1-5/8" Strut Channel, Steel Galvanized, 10 PackUnistrut Defender (DF), conforming to ASTM A1059 or A1046 Check out P1773 at Unistrut. Materials & Finishes - Standard: . When it comes to selecting materials for projects in hostile environments, stainless. 4 out of 5 stars 12. 1 1/4" Strut & Fittings. As well as being a combination of both Atkore Unistrut & Atkore Marco products, the new catalogue. Unistrut Midwest 1275 Hillsmith Rd. (170) Catalog. 00 / package ($30. Unistrut P2945 GR Slot Up Bracket - P2945-GR (Options: 12 Inches) Sku: P2945-GR . 5" Upright. This line of Fiberglass Channel also supports a wide range of accessories, fasteners, pipe clamps, hangers and more. P3010 is used with can channel except P3300, P4000, P4400, P4520. 125. Show per page. Reviews. The P2345 Unistrut 5-Hole Wing Shape Fitting allows you to connect two perpendicular pieces of Unistrut Channel to a central channel. Material: G. In order to use the Unistrut Trolley with our most popular channel profile: Unistrut P1000, which is 1-5/8" x. We have many diiferent types for all of your Strut Accessory needs. (170) BLOG. P1075-8. D Steel Universal Bracket For IMC 1 pk . Unistrut A2492, A2497 12" Bracket Fitting, Right or Left Facing, Perma-Green FinishThe P1326 Unistrut 3-Hole 90 Degree Fitting allows you to create a 90 degree angle when connection sections of Unistrut Channel. CB4 Bracket. The hex-head bolt connects the fitting to the channel as it is threaded into a spring nut. Telestrut® Tubing; Telestrut Connections; Prime Angle; Concrete Inserts . The wider slots are an advantage during installation, eliminating the need for field drilling traditional sl. Next. unistrut bracket. Electrical Enclosure Mounting Channels. Compare. P2231A is 6 ft in length. Trolley System Unistrut channel sections, special fittings and ball-bearing trolleys form an ideal system for suspending mobile. Related Products. us. Unistrut 1-5/8" Metal Framing. Covers / Connectors / Brackets. (170) Catalog. Pipe Clips;. U10 Ladder (100mm high) U11 Ladder (PG 110mm high) U12 Ladder (125mm high) U15 Ladder (150mm high) Couplers & Accessories; Pipe Clips. garage door strut. In stock. Unistrut Application Showcase (7. Unistrut Buffalo is a division of Eberl Iron Works, Inc. Choose from our selection of strut channel angle brackets, including over 425 products in a wide range of styles and sizes. Flat Plate Fittings; Ninety Degree Fittings; Angular Fittings; Z BRACKETS; U Shape Fittings; Wing Shape Fittings; Unistrut Hardware. The P1334 Unistrut 3-Hole Corner Flat Plate Fitting allows your to join two secctions of Unistrut Channel together at a 90 degree angle. Materials & Finishes - Standard: . Over 500,000 products in stock from RS. 105”) wall thickness, solid channel. Take your channel and insert the nut anywhere along the continuous slotted channel. 4. DOWNLOADS . Base Metal: Steel conforms to ASTM A1011 SS GR 33, A1011 HSLAS GR 45, A36, A575, A576, or A635. Set Includes: (1) P3087A (1) P3087B (2) 3/8" Set Screws. The channels shown in the illustrations are P1000, 1-5/8" square, except where noted otherwise. UNISTRUT, 4 HOLE 75 DEG ANGLE HDG $14. 67 exc VAT) Qty Price; 50+ £0. To anchor the uprights to the floor, attach a post base to column members. Covers / Connectors /. 1-5/8" Unistrut Channel. Reviews. 68. Unistrut Buffalo is a. 0 Reviews. Unistrut Braces and Brackets are perfect for modular projects such as shelving, adjustable racking, cable tray supports and equipment supports. (170) Catalog. Products 1 5/8" Metal Framing + Fittings General Fittings Brackets and Brace Fittings Brackets and Brace Fittings All parts drawings illustrate only one application of each. The New Heavy Duty Bracket: P2580-XX Unistrut is proud to introduce the heavy duty bracket, P2580-XX. The Unistrut Autocad Library consists of a collection of two-dimensional (DWG/DXF) and three-dimensional (STP/SAT) CAD Drawings, as well as BIM files (RFA), representing the Unistrut Metal Framing System. DETAILS . Pipe and Conduit Clamps (Insulated) New Product Portal. (136) 125. It's available in either a Perma-Green or Electrogalvanized finish. The standard bolt for the 9⁄ 16 in. SKU: $7. Unistrut Installation Demonstration. (170) Catalog. ABB 76 nVent Caddy 20 C-Port 1 RJCROSS 1 Unistrut 1. Model # SP14-5PK. Materials & Finishes - Standard: Base Metal:. 9 out of 5 Customer Rating. Genuine Unistrut P2484-EG 7 Hole 90 Degree Gusseted Angle Connector Bracket for All 1-5/8 2 Hole L Shaped 90 Degree Angle Connector Bracket, Thickness 4. Black Steel Shelf Bracket for Wood Shelving. This new bracket features a clevis shaped base and 3-bolt attachment for added strength, length options from 12" to 36", and has double-sided channel for top and bottom attachments. Find out how you can qualify for Free Shipping on Unistrut Flat Bracket orders over $35. 99. The P1380 Unistrut 4-Hole Flat Plate Fitting is used for corner channel cross-sections and allows you to join two sections of Unistrut Channel together at a 90 degree angle. Unistrut pipe clamps, pipe hangers, brackets and rollers are designed for the support of electrical and mechanical services. Constructed of 12-Gauge metal with a silver-galvanized finish. Reviews. Superstrut® 73 CADDY 14 Pentair 3 ERICO 1 Kindorf®, Trapnut™ 1 Steel City® 1. strut channel. 70 EA. Choose from our selection of strut channel angle brackets, including over 425 products in a wide range of styles and. Length. 12" Bracket (Slot Up) Unistrut Buffalo is a division of Eberl Iron Works, Inc. If you need a submittal data sheet for a part not listed below, contact us and we will provide the requested document (if available). These also have their own line of fittings and hardware and are meant for light duty applications. Unistrut P1453 3-Hole Z Shaped Bracket, Perma-Green Finish - P1453-GR. Sale price $0. UOM: EA. 00 Regular price $61. Sold out. Next, attach a brace fitting to the top portion of the center stanchions. Compare $ 14. (136) 125. The P7000 (13/16" x 13/32") is classified as shallow strut and has a lower profile than the P6000. Quick View Mfr. 5 • Standard finishes: ZN, GRN, HDG B292 201/2” (520. 11 Items. P3300 UNISTRUT. The fitting is available in different finishes including Perma-Green, Stainless Steel and Electrogalvanized. ELECTRICAL BOX BRACKET [AF-JBOX] Accessories. Perma-Green finish. Following exceptional growth, Atkore Unistrut AU have invested in a new facility, almost double the size of the previous location. The P1354AW is an adjustable angle fitting for use primarily with seismic braces. The P1346 Unistrut 3-Hole 90 Degree Angle Fitting is perfect for connecting Unistrut Channel together at a 90 degree angle. Unistrut P2944 thru P2947 - 6" to 24" Bracket (Slot Up) (1-5/8" Series) Sale price $0. Unistrut 1-5/8" Metal Framing. (170) Catalog. We accept Cookie policy. P1000 Unistrut channel is 1-5/8" wide by 1&5/8" deep, and is cold formed to size from 12 gauge low-carbon strip steel. Choose from our selection of unistrut pipe, including floor-mount strut-style supports, plastic clamping hangers, and more. 1-5/8" Metal Framing. Flat Plate Fittings; Ninety Degree Fittings; Angular Fittings; Z BRACKETS; U Shape Fittings; Wing Shape Fittings; Unistrut Hardware. Finish: Electrogalvanized. P1380 CUT SHEET PDF DOWNLOAD. The P2500 Unistrut Slotted Bracket provides extra support when building Unistrut Metal Framing Systems. Both sizes feature the "slot up" option. Unistrut pipe clamps and conduit clamps cover a range of applications from mechanical and electrical to plumbing and gas. us. 68 MB) MORE INFO . This video is private. Provide smooth motion between two pieces of strut channel. 2. 4-7/8" x 4-7/8". Part #BR8L2000EG Select Length 4. 1-5/8" Unistrut Channel. Yes those are unistrut tracks, yes i built it all. cancel Out of Stock to Ship. Materials & Finishes Base Metal: Steel conforms to ASTM A1011 SS GR 33, A1011 HSLAS GR 45, A36, A575, A576, or A635. Sku: The P1026 Unistrut 2-Hole 90 Degree Angle Fitting allows you to attach two pieces of Unistrut channel at a 90 degree angle. 02 - $14. DROP IN ANCHOR. 100. Allowable moment is for the fitting only. Unistrut Buffalo is a division of Eberl Iron Works, Inc. 5unistrut bracket. Unistrut P1000; P3000; P3300 UNISTRUT; P4100 UNISTRUT; P5000 UNISTRUT; P5500; Unistrut Fittings. 46. Unistrut Ninety Degree Fittings allow you to easily connect multiple pieces of Unistrut Channel together or securely attach your Channel to a wall or other surface. Adding to cart… The item has been added. Be the first to review this product . 100. Electrogalvanized (EG): Conforms to ASTM. Go to slide 1 Go to slide 2 Go to slide 3 Go to slide 4. 1891Unistrut P2223 EG Wing Bracket - P2223-EG (Options: Electro-Galvanized) Sku: P2223-EG . P2514A GR Unistrut 12. Unistrut Application Showcase (7. Unistrut RP1026EG Universal Bracket 2 Hole Angle Plate. Flat Plate Fittings; Ninety Degree Fittings; Angular Fittings; Z BRACKETS; U Shape Fittings; Wing Shape Fittings; Unistrut Hardware. Pipe Hangers. D x 1. $19. Hole diameter: 9/16". The 90° 4-Hole Channel Bracket is designed to support metal framing channels and rods with a plumb fit. Pipe & Conduit Supports. E1075-8. Material and Finish Options: Plain (PL), Pre-Galvanized (PG) & Unistrut Defender (DF) Minimum Radius: 3’ (to avoid damage to the channel and for trolley applications) Useable Lengths: Up to 17’ arc length per channel. For. Channel Nuts and Hardware. AllUnistrut Cantlever Bracket W/ Brace 470mm BOUN0013. (136) 125. Wing Brackets allow to you connect multiple pieces of Unistrut Channel without the need for welding. The fitting is available in a variety of finishes including Perma-Green, Stainless Steel and Electrogalvanized. Nuts and bolts required Unless otherwise noted, nuts and bolts for use with fittings and brackets should be ordered separately. It's offered in either a left sided or right sided option. Strut Channel Bracket. The New Heavy Duty Bracket: P2580-XX Unistrut is proud to introduce the heavy duty bracket, P2580-XX. com : UNISTRUT Genuine P2072ASQ-EG 1-5/8" Square Mount Post Base Strut Mount for All 1-5/8" Single Strut Channel : Tools & Home Improvement. Unistrut P1593 EG, Channel Bracket, Bracket, 1 PC. 12-Gauge Half Slotted Metal Framing Strut Channel Green Urethane Powder CoatedBrackets and Brace Fittings; P1593 - Bracket; P1593 - Bracket. DIMENSIONS. Reviews. Fiberglass Unistrut L Shaped Brackets, 20P-2510, 20P-2810. Channel Nuts with Springs; Channel Nuts without. Reviews. 36. Seismic Fittings. By means of the round holes in the base plate a direct connection to excisting cast-in channels is possible. (136) 125. Product Details. Food Grade Strut. 10# Unistrut P2484 7 Hole 90 Degree Gusseted Angle Connector Bracket, nuts/bolts $100. The bracket offers 4-holes to provide better support and bracing. Reviews. Electrogalvanized (EG): Conforms to ASTM B633, Type III SC1 Unistrut. Shipping: Available for. 84 in. UNISTRUT, 4 HOLE 82. Steel Angled Single Channel Strut Mounting Bracket is a steel square post base connector designed for fastening 1-5/8-in. 1. 90 deg bracket. To anchor the uprights to the floor, attach a post base to column members. Electrogalvanized (EG): Conforms to ASTM B633, Type III SC1 Unistrut Defender (DF): Conforms to ASTM A1059 Hot Dip Galvanized (HG): Conforms to ASTM A123 or A153 Perma-Green (GR): Conforms to. 5mm Mild Steel 41mm x 41mm . Supports to meet nearly every requirement can be attained using Unistrut Metal Framing components. Flat Plate Fittings; Ninety Degree Fittings; Angular Fittings; Z BRACKETS; U Shape Fittings; Wing Shape Fittings; Unistrut Hardware. 4" x 4". Cantilever style brackets, or brackets that attach at only one end, are typically mounted onto Unistrut channel, but can also be mounted directly to walls. The P6000 & P7000 Series are 13/16" wide, 19 ga. Electrogalvanized (EG): Conforms to ASTM B633, Type III SC1 Unistrut Defender (DF): Conforms to ASTM A1059 Hot Dip Galvanized (HG): Conforms to ASTM A123 or A153. Strut Channel Hinges. current price $12. Reviews. The Superstrut 4-hole straight strut bracket can have other uses too. The Unistrut Channel: 1-5/8" Series comes in a variety of finishes, gauges and lengths. The First Approach: Beam Clamps / Unistrut Hanging Bracket Technique. DESIGN LOAD DATA FOR TYPICAL UNISTRUT CHANNEL CONNECTIONS 90° Fittings (When used in position shown) Design Load DataUnistrut P1000. 96. The fitting is available in different finishes including Perma-Green, Stainless Steel, Hot-Dipped Galvanized and Electrogalvanized. Pick Up: 0 in , Available Nearby Shipping. Genuine Unistrut P1325-EG 4 Hole 90 Degree Angle Connector Bracket for All 1-5/8" Strut Channel. 12. Unistrut P1000; P3000; P3300 UNISTRUT; P4100 UNISTRUT; P5000 UNISTRUT; P5500; Unistrut Fittings. When used for mechanical supports, load capacities of brackets and fittings should be in compliance with the American Standard Code for Pressure Piping. Beam-mount brackets easily mount overhead on I-beams or H- beams. Fiberglass Unistrut T Shaped Bracket, 20P. hole is a 1⁄ 2 in. 3. Description Fittings designed to be used with the Telespar® system. Videos. There is only one Unistrut Metal Framing System. Free Store Pickup Today. 7 out of 5 stars 125. The chamfer in the nut eases the starting of the bolt. Finish: Electrogalvanized. £0. We gladly sell broken boxes and bundles of Unistrut pipe clamps, brackets, parts. Flytec Perimeter Systems. Materials & Finishes Base Metal: Steel conforms to ASTM A1011 SS GR 33, A1011 HSLAS GR 45, A36, A575, A576, or A635. Brackets & Braces; Electrical Fittings; Trolleys; Special Application Fittings; Closure Strips & End Caps; 1 1/4" Metal Framing. Base Metal: Steel conforms to ASTM A1011 SS GR 33, A1011 HSLAS GR 45, A36, A575, A576, or A635. Electrogalvanized (EG): Conforms to ASTM B633, Type III SC1 Unistrut Defender (DF): Conforms to ASTM A1059 Hot Dip Galvanized (HG): Conforms to ASTM A123 or A153. Cantilever Bracket, 6 to 9 Inch Tray Width, 12 Inch Length, Steel/Hot Dipped Galvanized Item #: 0106146 CAT #: B409-12HDG UPC: 781011549282 Category: Strut Channel Brackets $ 305. 651. Channel Sections;. Position two strut channels at a 30° to 60° angle, then tighten the bolt to secure. When used for mechanical supports, load capacities of brackets and fittings should be in compliance with the American Standard Code for Pressure Piping. UOM: EA. Unistrut P1000; P3000; P3300 UNISTRUT; P4100 UNISTRUT; P5000 UNISTRUT; P5500; Unistrut Fittings. Electrogalvanized (EG): Conforms to ASTM B633, Type III SC1 Unistrut Defender (DF): Conforms to ASTM A1059 Hot Dip Galvanized (HG): Conforms to ASTM A123 or A153 Perma-Green (GR): Conforms to. Model # BR904. Fiberglass Unistrut L Shaped Brackets - 20P-2508. Materials & Finishes - Standard: Base Metal: Steel conforms to ASTM A1011 SS GR 33, A1011 HSLAS GR 45, A36, A575, A576, or A635. Catalog. Unistrut P1000; P3000; P3300 UNISTRUT; P4100 UNISTRUT; P5000 UNISTRUT; P5500; Unistrut Fittings. The Model # ZX207-10 is primarily designed to attach a pair electrical channels together. Carbon Steel Q235B Ground Floors Mounting System Universal Shelf. The design load for Unistrut brackets depends on two variables--the part number specified--and the strength of the channel used for the given application. This fitting is pre-approved for the below seismic loads on page 5c. Unistrut. Two 3/8" hex nuts and u-bolt included. 5 Hole U Shaped Connector Bracket, Height 1¾", Width 1½", Thickness 5mm, Fits for ½" Bolt in 1-5/8" Strut Channel, Carbon Steel Electrogalvanized (6 Packs) S pecification: Material: Carbon Steel , Surface Electrogalvanized100. Unistrut P2545 GR Double Bracket - P2545-GR (Options: 30 Inches) Sku: P2545-GR . Reviews. Add to Compare. Quick View Select. 300 to 900mm long cantilever braced for extra strength made with 41mm E1000 channel. In stock and ready to ship. Check out P1769 at Unistrut. (170) Catalog. Related Products. Unistrut has just introduced a new product--the P2580 Cantilevered Strut Bracket. Part #BR8R2000EG Home / Products / Strut Systems / Cantilever Brackets and Adjustable Braces. The 90° 4-Hole Channel Bracket is designed to support metal framing channels and rods with a plumb fit. Beam Clamp supports and secures 12-Gauge and 14-Gauge channels up to 2,150 lbs. The P1031 Unistrut 4-Hole Flat Plate Fitting allows you to join Unistrut channel together in a "T" shape. Get the Unistrut P3087 & P3088 column insert beam clamps to safely and quickly attach Unistrut channel to beams. (170) Catalog. unistrut bracket. Hardware includes channel nuts, caps, closure strips and more. It's availabl. When most people think of metal framing systems, they tend to only think about the Unistrut channel and the Unistrut fittings. Channel Nuts with Springs; Channel Nuts without. The channel edges and the nut's tapered grooves act as guides to provide a fool-proof. Available in Electrogalvanized or Perma-Gre. Since 1944, Unistrut Service Company has been providing genuine Unistrut channel & fittings, engineering services, rooftop support products, and more, all with exceptional customer service. (136) 125. 1/2-in Angled Strut Bracket for Joining Strut Channel - Electro-galvanized - 4 Holes. Unistrut Defender (DF), conforming to ASTM A1059 or A1046 Unistrut pipe clamps, pipe hangers, brackets and rollers are designed for the support of electrical and mechanical services. 90°. The Unistrut P1000 series (1-5/8" wide) is by far the most popular variety of metal strut channel that we sell! We stock and ship a complete line of metal struts, including the Unistrut P1000 series Unistrut channel and it's variations, such as slotted (P1000T) and back-to-back (Unistrut P1001 & P1001T), also known as double strut channel. Electrogalvanized Carbon Steel Strut Bracket. Wing Shape Fitting. Unistrut Perma-Green III is a powder-coated finish that provides superior protection against corrosion and other types of damage. Unistrut's most popular channels are 1-5/8" wide - the most common of which, and the most widely available in stock, is their signature P1000 strut channel. The Unistrut P1453 3-Hole Z Shaped Fitting is used to attach a single section of Unistrut Channel to a back-to-back double slotted section of Unistrut Channel. DETAILS . $124. 93Sku: Unistrut Channel Nuts fit perfectly inside Unistrut Channel sections to create a perfect anchoring point when connected channel and fittings.